Photosynthesis Study Notes
Photosynthesis is a fundamental biological process that underpins the energy flow in virtually all ecosystems. It is the means by which green plants, algae, and certain bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy, storing it in the bonds of glucose…
Enzyme Study Notes
What Are Enzymes? Imagine a bustling city where thousands of tasks need to happen every second: lights need to turn on, water needs to flow, and cars need to move. In this city, there are special workers called “Enzymes.” These…
Plasma Membrane Study Notes
The plasma membrane, often termed the cell membrane, is a critical structure that encases the cell’s contents and plays a vital role in maintaining the cell’s integrity, facilitating communication, and regulating the passage of substances into and out of the…
Biotechnology Study Notes – Definition, Types and Applications
Biotechnology is a broad area of biology, involving the use of living systems and organisms to develop or make products. Depending on the tools and applications, it often overlaps with related scientific fields. In its various forms, biotechnology dates back…
Carbon Cycle Complete Study Notes
The carbon cycle is a fundamental concept in ecology and Earth science, illustrating the movement of carbon between the Earth’s biosphere, geosphere, hydrosphere, and atmosphere. This intricate process plays a vital role in regulating the Earth’s climate, supporting life through…